Advertisement
Research Article| Volume 29, ISSUE 2, P179-187, April 2013

Download started.

Ok

Grazing activity and ruminal bacterial population associated with frothy bloat in steers grazing winter wheat

DOI:https://doi.org/10.15232/S1080-7446(15)30217-5
Grazing activity and ruminal bacterial population associated with frothy bloat in steers grazing winter wheat
Previous ArticleA comparison of spring- and fall-calving beef herds grazing tall fescue
      This paper is only available as a PDF. To read, Please Download here.

      ABSTRACT

      Two grazing experiments were designed to elucidate the shifts in rumen bacterial populations (Exp. 1) and grazing activities (Exp. 2) in wheat forage diet between bloated and nonbloated steers. In Exp. 1, the bacterial DNA density was greatest for Ruminococcus flavefaciens, Streptococcus bovis, and Eubacterium ruminantium among tested strains when steers were fed bermudagrass hay (d 0). Steers that grazed wheat forage, however, increased the bacterial density of 6 major rumen bacterial populations in bloated steers, indicating that frothy bloat may be associated with a species-specific bacterial population. In Exp. 2, overall time, total grazing, and ruminating time did not differ between bloated and nonbloated steers. In contrast, idling time was greater for bloated (P < 0.01) than for nonbloated steers (10.9 vs. 7.9 h/d, respectively). Bloated steers did not differ in total grazing activity patterns; however, grazing activity in bloated steers decreased (P < 0.05) from 0400 to 0700 h and 1400 to 1800 h. Ruminating activity in nonbloated steers peaked from 0200 to 0500 h and 1900 to 2200 h but was lower (P < 0.05) for bloated than for nonbloated steers from 0100 to 0600 h and 0700 to 1200 h. The data suggest that rumen bacterial populations and grazing activities changed when steers experienced frothy bloat.

      Key words

      To read this article in full you will need to make a payment

      Purchase one-time access:

      Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online access
      One-time access price info
      • For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
      • For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'

      Subscribe:

      Subscribe to
      Already a print subscriber? Claim online access
      Already an online subscriber? Sign in
      Register: Create an account
      Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect

      LITERATURE CITED

        • Anderson K.L.
        Biochemical analysis of starch degradation by Ruminobacter amlyophilus 70.
        Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1995; 61: 1488-1491
        • AOAC
        Official Methods of Analysis.
        15th ed. AOAC, Arlington, VA1990
        • Bartley E.E.
        • Barr G.W.
        • Mickelsen R.
        Bloat in cattle.
        XVII. Wheat pasture bloat and its prevention with poloxalene. J. Anim. Sci. 1975; 41: 752-759
        • Brown R.
        • Lindberg R.
        • Cheng K.J.
        Characterization of a reserve glucan from Megasphaera elsdenii.
        Can. J. Microbiol. 1975; 21: 1657-1659
        • Cheng K.J.
        • Brown R.G.
        • Costerton J.W.
        Characterization of a cytoplasmic reserve glucan from Ruminococcus albus.
        Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1977; 33: 718-724
        • Cheng K.J.
        • Hironaka R.
        • Jones G.A.
        • Nicas T.
        • Costerton J.W.
        Frothy feedlot bloat in cattle: Production of extracellular polysaccharides and development of viscosity in cultures of Streptococcus bovis.
        Can. J. Microbiol. 1976; 22: 450-459
        • Cheng K.J.
        • Hironaka R.
        • Roberts D.W.
        • Costerton J.W.
        Cytoplasmic glycogen inclusions in cells of anaerobic gramnegative rumen bacteria.
        Can. J. Microbiol. 1973; 19: 1501-1506
        • Clarke R.T.
        • Reid C.S.W.
        Foamy bloat of cattle.
        A review. J. Dairy Sci. 1974; 57: 753-785
        • Cole H.H.
        • Boda J.M.
        Continued progress toward controlling bloat.
        A review. J. Dairy Sci. 1960; 43: 1585-1614
        • Colvin H.W.
        • Backus R.C.
        Bloat in sheep (Ovis aries).
        Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 1988; 91: 635-644
        • Colvin H.W.
        • Cupps P.T.
        • Cole H.H.
        Dietary influences on eructation and related ruminal phenomena in cattle.
        J. Dairy Sci. 1958; 41: 1565-1579
        • Dougherty R.W.
        The continuing quest for the cause of bloat in ruminants.
        J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 1953; 122: 345-353
        • Fletcher D.W.
        • Hafez E.S.E.
        Microbiology of the bloated dwarf rumen.
        Appl. Microbiol. 1960; 8: 22-27
        • Gibb M.J.
        • Huckle C.A.
        • Nuthall R.
        Effect of time of day on grazing behaviour by lactating dairy cows.
        Grass Forage Sci. 1998; 53: 41-46
        • Gutierrez J.
        • Essig H.W.
        • Williams P.P.
        • Davis R.E.
        Properties of a slime isolated from the rumen fluid of cattle bloating on clover pasture.
        J. Anim. Sci. 1963; 22: 506-509
        • Gutierrez J.R.
        • Davis R.E.
        • Lindahl I.K.
        • Warwick E.J.
        Bacterial changes in the rumen during the onset of feedlot bloat of cattle and characteristics of Peptostreptococcus elsdenii spp.
        Appl. Microbiol. 1959; 7: 16-22
        • Howarth R.E.
        • Chaplin R.K.
        • Cheng K.J.
        • Goplen B.P.
        • Hall J.W.
        • Hironaka R.
        • Majak W.
        • Radostits O.
        Bloat in cattle. Pages 1–34 in Agriculture Canada Publication 1858/E.
        1991 (Canada, Ottawa, ON)
        • Hume M.E.
        • Kubena L.F.
        • Edrington T.S.
        • Donskey C.J.
        • Moore R.W.
        • Ricke S.C.
        • Nisbet D.J.
        Poultry digestive microflora biodiversity as indicated by denatureing gradient gel electrophoresis.
        Poult. Sci. 2003; 82: 1100-1107
        • Lippke H.
        • Reaves J.L.
        • Jacobson N.L.
        Rumen pressure associated with the scores of a bloat severity scale.
        J. Anim. Sci. 1972; 34: 171-175
        • Majak W.
        • McAllister T.A.
        • McCartney D.
        • Stanford K.
        • Cheng K.J.
        Bloat in Cattle. Alberta Agric., Food Rural Develop. Info.
        Packag. Center Press, Edmonton, AB2003 (Accessed May 20, 2012)
        http://www1.agric.gov.ab.ca/$department/deptdocs.nsf/all/agdex6769
        • Min B.R.
        • Pinchak W.E.
        • Anderson R.C.
        • Hume M.E.
        In vitro bacterial growth and in vivo rumen microbiota populations associated with bloat in steers grazing wheat forage.
        J. Anim. Sci. 2006; 84: 2873-2882
        • Min B.R.
        • Pinchak W.E.
        • Fulford J.D.
        • Puchala R.
        Effect of feed additives on in vitro and in vivo rumen characteristics and frothy bloat dynamics in steers grazing wheat pasture.
        Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 2005; 123–124: 615-629
        • Min B.R.
        • Pinchak W.E.
        • Fulford J.D.
        • Puchala R.
        Wheat pasture bloat dynamics, in vitro ruminal gas production, and potential bloat mitigation with condensed tannins.
        J. Anim. Sci. 2005; 83: 1322-1331
        • Min B.R.
        • Pinchak W.E.
        • Hernandez K.
        • Hernandez C.
        • Hume M.E.
        • Valencia E.
        • Fulford J.D.
        Effects of plant tannin supplementation on animal responses and in vivo ruminal bacterial populations associated with bloat in heifers grazing wheat forage.
        Prof. Anim. Sci. 2012; 28: 473-476
        • Muyzer G.
        • De Waal E.C.
        • Litterlinden A.G.
        Profiling of complex microbial populations by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of polymerase-chain reaction-amplified genes coding for 16S rRNA.
        Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1993; 59: 695-700
        • Paisley S.L.
        • Horn G.W.
        Effect of ionophore on rumen characteristics, gas production, and occurrence of bloat in cattle grazing winter wheat pasture.
        in: Pages 141–146 in Oklahoma State Univ., Anim. Sci. Res. Rep., P-965, OK1998
        • Phillips C.J.C.
        • Leaver J.D.
        The effect of forage supplementation on the behavior of grazing dairy cows.
        Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 1985; 16: 233-247
        • Phy T.S.
        • Provenza F.D.
        Sheep fed grain prefer foods and solutions that attenuate acidosis.
        J. Anim. Sci. 1998; 76: 954-960
        • Pinchak W.E.
        • Heitschmidt R.K.
        • Canon S.K.
        • Dowhower S.L.
        Long term effects of heavy and moderate rates of stocking on diet selection and nutrient intake patterns at the Texas Experimental Ranch.
        J. Range Manag. 1990; 43: 304-330
        • Pinchak W.E.
        • Min B.R.
        • Malinowski D.P.
        • Sij J.W.
        • Gill R.J.
        • Puchala R.
        • Anderson R.A.
        Re-evaluation of the frothy bloat complex in cattle grazing winter wheat in the southern plains: Evolution of a new integrated. Page 36 in Proc.
        Gastrointestinal Function, Chicago, IL2005
        • Pinchak W.E.
        • Worrall W.D.
        • Caldwell S.P.
        • Hunt L.J.
        • Worrall N.J.
        • Conoly M.
        Effect of wheat cultivar on forage and cattle production under graze-out management.
        J. Range Manag. 1996; 49: 126-130
        • Provenza F.D.
        Postingestive feedback as an elementary determinant of food preference and intake in ruminants.
        J. Range Manag. 1995; 48: 2-12
        • Provenza F.D.
        Acquired aversions as the basis for varied diets of ruminants’ foraging on rangelands.
        J. Anim. Sci. 1996; 74: 2010-2020
        • Reysenbach A.L.
        • Giver L.J.
        • Wickham G.C.
        • Pace N.R.
        Differential amplification of rRNA genes by polymerase chain reaction.
        Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1992; 58: 3417-3418
        • Russell J.B.
        Strategies that ruminal bacteria use to handle excess carbohydrate.
        J. Anim. Sci. 1998; 76: 1955-1963
        • Rutter S.M.
        Dietary preference for grass and white clover in sheep and cattle: An overview.
        (Pages 73–78 in Grazing Management)in: Rook A.J. Penning P.D. Occasional Symp. No. 34 British Grassland Society, Cairn Hotel, Harrogate, UK2000
        • Rutter S.M.
        ‘Graze’: A program to analyze recordings of the jaw movements of ruminants. Behav. Res. Meth., Instrum.
        Comp. 2000; 32: 86-92
        • Rutter S.M.
        • Orr R.J.
        • Yarrow N.Y.
        • Champion R.A.
        Dietary preference of dairy heifers grazing ryegrass and white clover, with and without an anti-bloat treatment.
        Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 2004; 85: 1-10
        • Rutter S.M.
        • Penning P.D.
        • Rook A.J.
        • Orr R.J.
        • Gibb M.T.
        • Champion R.A.
        • Huckle C.A.
        An algorithm for the automatic processing of recordings of foraging behavior by cattle.
        in: Page 126 in Proc. 31st Int. Congr. Int. Soc. Appl. Ethol., Prague, Czech Rep1997
        • Sheffield V.C.
        • Cox D.R.
        • Lerman L.S.
        • Myers R.M.
        Attachment of a 40-base-pair G+C-rich sequence (GC-clamp) to genomic DNA fragments by the polymerase chain reaction results in improved detection by single-base changes.
        Proc. Natl. Acad. USA. 1989; 86L: 232-236
        • Sowell B.F.
        • Branine M.E.
        • Bowman J.G.
        • Hubbert M.E.
        • Sherwood H.E.
        • Quimby W.
        Feeding and watering behavior of healthy and morbid steers in a commercial feedlot.
        J. Anim. Sci. 1999; 77: 1105-1112
        • Tajima K.
        • Aminov R.I.
        • Nagamine T.
        • Matsui H.
        • Nakamura M.
        • Benno Y.
        Diet-dependent shifts in the bacterial population of the rumen revealed with real-time PCR.
        Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2001; 67: 2766-2774
        • Tajima K.
        • Arai A.
        • Ogata K.
        • Nagamine T.
        • Matsui H.
        • Nakamura M.
        • Aminov R.I.
        • Benno Y.
        Rumen bacterial community transition during adaptation to high-grain diet.
        Anaerobe. 2000; 6: 273-284
        • Torsvik V.
        • Goksoyr J.
        • Daae F.L.
        High diversity in DNA of soil bacteria.
        Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1990; 56: 782-787
        • Wallace R.J.
        Cytoplasmic reserve polysaccharide of Selenomonas ruminantium.
        Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1980; 39: 630-634
        • Williams E.I.
        A study of reticuloruminal motility in a adult cattle in relation to bloat and traumatic reticulitis with an account of the latter condition as seen in a general practice.
        Vet. Rec. 1955; 67: 907-911

      Article info

      Identification

      DOI: https://doi.org/10.15232/S1080-7446(15)30217-5

      Copyright

      © 2013 American Registry of Professional Animal Scientists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

      ScienceDirect

      Access this article on ScienceDirect

      The content on this site is intended for healthcare professionals.


      We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content. To update your cookie settings, please visit the Cookie Preference Center for this site.
      Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. except certain content provided by third parties.


      RELX