Advertisement
Research Article| Volume 11, ISSUE 1, P20-25, March 1995

Download started.

Ok

Nitrate Concentrations in Hybrid Sudangrass and Pearl Millet Hays1

DOI:https://doi.org/10.15232/S1080-7446(15)32545-6
Nitrate Concentrations in Hybrid Sudangrass and Pearl Millet Hays1
Previous ArticleAn Economic Evaluation of the Effects of Synovex-C Implants on Replacement Heifers
Next ArticleThe Biological Basis for Selenium Requirements of Animals
      This paper is only available as a PDF. To read, Please Download here.

      Abstract

      Samples (n=1772) of hybrid sudangrass and pearl millet hays were collected from three Agronomy Research Stations in 2 yr. Forty varieties in 1990 and 34 varieties in 1991 were evaluated for yield potential and nitrate accumulation. Forage types included in the data were: 1) sorghum x sudan, 2) sorgo x sudan, 3) sudan x sudan, and 4) pearl millet. Field locations were the Eastern Oklahoma Station, the South-Central Oklahoma Station, and the Southwestern Oklahoma Station. Nitrogen was applied as split applications of 56 kg of actual nitrogen per hectare at planting and after each harvest. Planting occurred in late May and harvesting was done as plants reached preboot to boot stage of seed head development. Plants were mechanically harvested at approximately 10 cm above the ground. Two or three cuttings were made at each location each year. Sun-cured samples (approximately 454 g) consisting of leaves and stems were obtained from each plot. Nitrate content was determined and adjusted to 100% dry matter forage. Varieties within forage type were not different (P>.9) from each other. A location x type interaction (P<.01) was observed. Pearl millet had a greater (P<.01) concentration of nitrate at all locations. The magnitude of the difference was greater when plants were stressed, resulting in large accumulation of nitrate in all forage types. A much greater (P<.05) proportion of the pearl millet samples had greater than 10,000 ppm nitrate and would be considered potentially toxic to ruminants.

      Key Words

      To read this article in full you will need to make a payment

      Purchase one-time access:

      Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online access
      One-time access price info
      • For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
      • For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'

      Subscribe:

      Subscribe to
      Already a print subscriber? Claim online access
      Already an online subscriber? Sign in
      Register: Create an account
      Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect

      Literature Cited

        • Ball D.M.
        • Hoveland C.S.
        • Lacefield G.D.
        Southern Forages, p 156.
        Williams Printing Co, Atlanta, GA1991
        • Cataldo D.A.
        • Haroon M.
        • Schrader L.E.
        • Youngs V.L.
        Rapid colorimetric determination of nitrate in plant tissue by nitration of salicylic acid.
        Commun. Soil Sei Plant Anal. 1975; 6: 71
        • Clay B.R.
        • Edwards W.C.
        • Peterson D.R.
        Toxic nitrate accumulation in the sorghums.
        Bov. Pract. 1976; 11: 28
        • Deeb B.S.
        • Sloan K.W.
        Nitrates, nitrites and health.
        University of Illinois, Champaign-Urbana, Bull.1975 (No. 750)
        • Guyer P.Q.
        • Flowerday D.
        NebGuide G74-170.
        Nitrates in Livestock Feeding. Lincoln, University of Nebraska1974
        • Harms C.L.
        • Tucker B.B.
        Influence of nitrogen fertilization, and other factors on yield, prussic acid, nitrate, and total nitrogen concentrations of sudangrass cultivars.
        J. Agron. 1973; 65: 21
        • Knight A.P.
        The toxicology of sulfur and nitrate in ruminants.
        Bovine Pract. 1985; 20: 121
        • Lemon Μ.D.
        • McMurphy W.E.
        Proc.
        Forage and Grassland Conf, Houston, TX1984: 302
        • Lewis D.
        The metabolism of nitrate and nitrite in the sheep. 1.
        The reduction of nitrate in the rumen of the sheep. Biochem. J. 48. 1951: 175
        • Martin J.H.
        • Leonard W.H.
        • Stamp D.L.
        Principles of Field Crop Production.
        3. Macmillan Pub. Co, New York, NY.1975: 389
        • Mayo N.S.
        Cattle poisoning by nitrate of potash.
        Kansas Agric. Exp, Sta. Bull1895: 49
        • Pfister J.A.
        Nitrate intoxication of ruminant livestock.
        in: James L.F. The Ecology and Economic Impact of Poisonous Plants on Livestock Production. p 233. Westview Press, Boulder, CO1988
        • Ray I.M.
        • Sisson W.B.
        Nitrate reductase activity of kleingrass (Panicum coloratum) during drought in the northern Chihauhuan desert.
        J. Range Managmt. 1986; 39: 531
        • Ruhr L.P.
        • Osweiler G.D.
        Nitrate Accumulators.
        in: Howard J.L. Current Veterinary Therapy, Food Animal Practice. 2. 1986: 392
        • Selk G.E.
        Nitrate and Prussic Acid Poisoning of Cattle.
        CR-3272. Service. Stillwater, Oklahoma Cooperative Extension1990
        • Selk G.E.
        • Wagner D.G.
        • Strickland G.L.
        • Hawkins S.E.
        Nitrogen fertilizer rate effects on nitrate content of hybrid sudangrass hays.
        J. Anim. Sci. 1993; 71 (Abs.): 190
        • Snedecor G.W.
        • Cochran W.G.
        Statistical Methods.
        7th Ed. Iowa State University Press, Ames1980
        • Stahler L.M.
        • Whitehead E.I.
        The effect of 2,4D on potassium nitrate levels in leaves of sugar beets.
        Science. 1960; 112: 749
        • Swartzlander J.H.
        • Rehberger T.G.
        • Hibberd C.A.
        In vivo denitrification by a selected strain of Proprionibacterium acidipropionici in beef cattle.
        J. Anim. Sci. 1993; 71: 277
        • Vertregt N.
        The formation of methemoglobin by the action of nitrite on bovine blood.
        Neth. J. Agric. Sci. 1977; 25: 243
        • Walters C.L.
        • Walker R.
        Consequences of accumulation of nitrates in plants.
        in: Jewott E.J. Cutting C.V. Nitrogen Assimilation in Plants. Academic Press, New York, NY.1979·: 637
        • Wang L.C.
        • Garcia-Rivera J.
        • Burris R.H.
        Metabolism of nitrate by cattle.
        Biochem. J. 1961; 81: 237
        • Wright M.J.
        • Davidson K.L.
        Nitrate accumulation in crops and nitrate poisoning in animals.
        in: Norman G. Advances in Agronomy. 16. Academic Press, New York, NY.1964: 197

      Article info

      Identification

      DOI: https://doi.org/10.15232/S1080-7446(15)32545-6

      Copyright

      © 1995 American Registry of Professional Animal Scientists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

      ScienceDirect

      Access this article on ScienceDirect

      The content on this site is intended for healthcare professionals.


      We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content. To update your cookie settings, please visit the Cookie Preference Center for this site.
      Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. except certain content provided by third parties.


      RELX