ABSTRACT
Fourteen organic dairy farms in the northeastern United States were used to evaluate
(1) seasonal variation in bioactive milk fatty acid (FA) profile from 2012 to 2015
and (2) supplementation of ground whole flaxseed (GFLX) to maintain elevated concentrations
of bioactive milk FA during the nongrazing season. During regular farm visits, milk,
feed, and pasture samples were collected, and diet composition, milk yield, and milk
composition were recorded. During winters of 2013 to 2014 and 2014 to 2015, 9 farms
supplemented GFLX at 6% of diet DM to half of each herd (n = 238 cows per treatment).
Milk samples were collected and pooled by treatment (GFLX or control). Data were analyzed
using the MIXED procedure of SAS. A significant month × year interaction (P < 0.05) for n-3 FA showed an increase beginning in April of 2014 through the end
of the study. The proportion of conjugated linoleic acid showed a seasonal pattern
with greatest (P < 0.05) concentrations (1.32% of total milk FA) during the grazing season. Winter
GFLX supplementation did not affect (P > 0.15) milk yield or concentrations of milk fat or protein; however, BCS tended
(P = 0.08) to be greater for GFLX cows. Compared with the control diet, GFLX decreased
(P < 0.05) total milk SFA by 3.1 percentage units and increased (P < 0.05) n-3 by 62% and total conjugated linoleic acid proportion by 9%. Although
GFLX supplementation increased milk n-3, lesser effects on SFA and total conjugated
linoleic acid proportions indicated that a greater level of winter supplementation
is required to improve overall milk FA profile during the nongrazing season.
Key words
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Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
June 29,
2018
Received:
April 26,
2018
Footnotes
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Identification
Copyright
Copyright © 2018, American Registry of Professional Animal Scientists. All rights reserved.
